Best and safest file format to transfer files

I just wondering if someone can help. What is the safest method to transfer files from windows 11 to and external ssd (best file format) and then to Kicksecure without losing data read /write capabilities - i don’t want to clone windows.
thankyou.

Are you talking about file formats or file systems here? File formats refer to specific types of files; TXT, PNG, and MP4 are all file formats. File systems are ways in which files are stored on a physical drive, regardless of the file format used for each file. NTFS, ext4, and exFAT are examples of file systems.

If you’re talking about file systems, the best one to use for transferring files between different OSes is usually exFAT - both Windows and Linux have good read/write drivers for it, and it can handle files larger than 4 GB without problems. It has some file name restrictions, and it doesn’t understand what file permissions are, but neither of those things will usually be a problem. If you’re just trying to get files from one system onto another, that’s what I would use.

If you’re talking about file formats, the best format to use will depend heavily on what kind of files you’re working with. In general, proprietary, program-specific file formats are more likely to be a problem than generic file formats. For instance, PSD images are Photoshop-specific and will probably give you more drouble than JPEG images. I’d need to know what kinds of files you’re moving to be more specific than that.

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These should never be lost. Independent for file format and you most likely won’t choose a filesystem by chance that has no read/write capability. There are very few append-only filesystems. That is a very specialized case.

What the issue might be is Linux file permissions.

thank you